Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) can involve the prolapse of several pelvic organs, including the bladder, uterus, rectum, and small intestines. However, some types of prolapse are more common than others. Here’s a rough breakdown of the prevalence of each type of prolapse:
1. Cystocele (Bladder Prolapse)
- Most common: Cystocele, or bladder prolapse, is the most common type of pelvic organ prolapse, affecting about 50-70% of women with POP. This occurs when the bladder drops into the vaginal space due to weakened pelvic floor muscles and ligaments.
2. Uterine Prolapse
- Uterine prolapse is the second most common type, especially in women who have had vaginal deliveries. It occurs when the uterus drops into or out of the vaginal canal. The prevalence varies, but approximately 20-30% of women with POP experience uterine prolapse.
3. Rectocele (Rectal Prolapse)
- Rectocele, or rectal prolapse, occurs when the rectum bulges into the vaginal wall. It affects about 20-30% of women with POP. This can cause symptoms like difficulty with bowel movements and a feeling of fullness or pressure in the pelvic area.
4. Enterocele (Small Intestine Prolapse)
- Enterocele, where the small intestine prolapses into the vaginal wall, is less common than the others, affecting 5-15% of women with POP. It often occurs alongside other types of prolapse, particularly in older women or those with multiple pregnancies.
5. Vaginal vault prolapse
Vaginal vault prolapse is a type of pelvic organ prolapse (POP). It occurs when the upper portion of the vagina (the vaginal vault) drops or sags due to weakened pelvic floor muscles and ligaments, usually after a hysterectomy. This type of prolapse can happen when the vaginal tissues lose support, leading to the descent of the vaginal vault into the vaginal canal.
Vaginal vault prolapse is often associated with other types of prolapse, such as bladder or rectal prolapse, and can cause symptoms like pelvic pressure, urinary issues, and difficulty with bowel movements. Treatment options typically include pelvic floor physical therapy, pessaries, or surgery, depending on the severity of the prolapse.
Summary of Prevalence (Approximate):
- Bladder (Cystocele): 50-70%
- Uterus: 20-30%
- Rectum (Rectocele): 20-30%
- Small Intestines (Enterocele): 5-15%
- Vaginal Vault Prolapse: Typically seen in 15-30% of women who have had a hysterectomy, less common than bladder or rectal prolapse.
These percentages can vary depending on factors like age, number of vaginal deliveries, and overall pelvic floor health.